{"id":22410,"date":"2017-02-28T14:09:20","date_gmt":"2017-02-28T11:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/?p=22410"},"modified":"2017-03-09T19:55:10","modified_gmt":"2017-03-09T16:55:10","slug":"telesigrafo-xalifis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/2017\/02\/28\/telesigrafo-xalifis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0397 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf <strong>\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22411\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22411\" style=\"width: 636px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-22411\" src=\"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/1.baghdad-telesigrafo-caliph.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"382\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22411\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>\u0397 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1258 (<a href=\"http:\/\/hifiphilosophy.com\/filozofia-rzez\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a>)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03a4\u03bf 751 \u03bc.\u03a7., \u03bf\u03b9 \u0391\u03b2\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039f\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7. \u0388\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 13<sup>\u03bf\u03c5<\/sup> \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf 1241 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039c\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u039f Hulagu Khan, \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03a7\u03b1\u03bd (Mongke Khan) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u0399\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 150.000 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 60.000 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u039f Hulagu \u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7 Al-Musta\u2019sim \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u039f \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03ae\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 29 \u0399\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1258 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 13 \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 10 \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5). \u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/sapardanis.org\/el\/2016\/05\/04\/the-golden-age-of-the-arabs-and-its-intellectual-collapse\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03c3\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc<\/a>&#8220;. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 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\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1. \u039f Hulagu \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u0399\u03c3\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c8\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <\/strong><strong>Hulagu<\/strong> <strong>Khan<\/strong><strong> \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c6\u03b7 <\/strong><strong>Al<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>Musta<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>sim<\/strong><strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03a3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 Khvarazmshahs, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Dayla, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 Atabaks, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af. \u039c\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1: \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u00b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03c7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7 \u2013\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2- \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u038c\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0398\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\u00b7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0398\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u00b7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u00b7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0398\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0391\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u0398\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae. \u039c\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Rashid al-Din Fazlallah \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>\u00ab\u0397 \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb <\/em>(1318\u03bc.\u03a7.). \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u0395\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Ilkhanid (\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7), \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5.]\n<figure id=\"attachment_22412\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22412\" style=\"width: 366px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-22412\" src=\"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/2.baghdad-telesigrafo-caliph.jpg\" width=\"366\" height=\"549\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22412\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Hulegu \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Where-can-I-find-the-translated-letter-that-Hulagu-Khan-wrote-to-the-caliph-of-Baghdad\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Where-can-I-find-the-translated-letter-that-Hulagu-Khan-wrote-to-the-caliph-of-Baghdad<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 Wikipedia:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Baghdad_(1258)\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siege_of_Baghdad_(1258)<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"fcbkbttn_buttons_block\" id=\"fcbkbttn_left\"><div class=\"fcbkbttn_button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/eranistis\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/facebook-button-plugin\/images\/large-facebook-ico.png\" alt=\"Fb-Button\" 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\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7\u03c2&#8230;&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class=\"fcbkbttn_buttons_block\" id=\"fcbkbttn_left\"><div class=\"fcbkbttn_button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/eranistis\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img src=\"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/facebook-button-plugin\/images\/large-facebook-ico.png\" alt=\"Fb-Button\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"fcbkbttn_like fcbkbttn_large_button\"><fb:like href=\"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/2017\/02\/28\/telesigrafo-xalifis\/\" action=\"like\" colorscheme=\"light\" layout=\"button\"  size=\"large\"><\/fb:like><\/div><div class=\"fb-share-button fcbkbttn_large_button \" 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