{"id":13820,"date":"2015-01-09T20:47:14","date_gmt":"2015-01-09T18:47:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/?p=13820"},"modified":"2020-11-04T01:08:50","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T22:08:50","slug":"13820","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eranistis.net\/wordpress\/2015\/01\/09\/13820\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039f \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5"},"content":{"rendered":"

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(\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 447). \u0392\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u2019 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u00ab\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd)<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd (\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1) \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/em>, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <\/em>\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u2026\u2026.\u00bb. (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 449).<\/p>\n

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\"Map<\/a>
Map of the western Mediterranean at the time of the First Punic War in 264 BCE.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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(\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 49). \u0397 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2: \u00ab\u039f \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03af\u03b3\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb. (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 49).<\/p>\n

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(\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 451 \u2013 453). \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac: \u00ab\u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1<\/em> \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03ac, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c5\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb. (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 453).<\/p>\n

\"(left<\/a>
(left to right): 1) Museum of Bardo. Apollo Citharede found at the theatre; 2) 3) 4) Museum of Carthage. Three statues portraying Victory. 2) and 4) were part of a IInd century monument built on the acropolis, probably to celebrate Emperor Marcus Aurelius<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u201d\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\u201d \u03c9\u03c2 \u201d\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2\u201d, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u201d\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u201d \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb. (\u0392\u0384 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 48).<\/p>\n

\u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03c7\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u2013 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf \u03bb\u03b1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u00ab\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb. (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 449). \u038c\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u039a\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b2\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039f \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd. \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd. \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c4\u03c9\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd) \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb. (\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 453 \u2013 455).<\/p>\n

\"(left)<\/a>
(left) Museum of Bardo: Diana and Apollo hunting a crane (late IVth century); (right) Museum of Carthage: woman pouring roses into a basket (from private baths at Sidi-Ghrib, 25 miles from Carthage) (Vth century)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u00ab\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u00bb, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 1\u03bf\u03c2<\/sup>, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u0396\u0397\u03a4\u03a1\u039f\u03a3, \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 2006.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0388\u03b8\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u0384, <\/strong>\u0395\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u0391. \u0395., \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1971<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Fb-Button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>
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\u00ab\u03a6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u2026\u2026\u00bb<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Fb-Button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>
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